What is the difference between a hazard and a risk?

The distinction between a hazard and a risk is fundamental to understanding safety practices. A hazard is defined as any source of potential harm or adverse effect on a person or group of people. This could be a physical object, a chemical substance, a situation, or even a behavior that can cause injuries or damage.

On the other hand, risk refers to the likelihood or probability that someone will be harmed or experience a negative effect if exposed to a hazard. Risk takes into account both the severity of the potential harm and the frequency or likelihood of the hazard causing that harm. Therefore, understanding that a hazard represents the potential for danger while risk quantifies the chances of that danger actually resulting in harm underscores the proactive approach necessary for effective safety management.

This understanding is crucial for developing strategies to minimize risks associated with identified hazards in various environments, such as workplaces, homes, and public spaces.